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新概念英语第二册第6课重点语法句型
新概念英语第二册第6课重点语法句型
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新概念英语第二册第6课重点语法句型

第6课的内容:
  一、重要句型或语法
  1、冠词的用法
  1)不定冠词a/an,如:a pen, an egg
  2)定冠词the,如:A dog is barking at me. The dog is black and white.
  3)零冠词,即不用冠词的情况,如人名和地名前面,如:John lives in London.
  2、短语动词的用法
  短语动词指的是后面跟上介词或副词后、意思会发生变化的动词。如:
  1)I put your book on the shelf. / I put on my hat and left the house.
  2)It was very hot, so I took off my coat. / Will you look after the children for me please?
  二、课文主要语言点
  I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. 1)注意move to表示搬到什么地方,move into表示搬进什么地方。 2)注意地名Bridge Street里的每个单词的首字母都要大写。
  Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. 1)beggar来源于beg(请求,祈求),表乞丐。 2)knock at表示敲打。
  He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. ask sb. for sth.,表示向某人提出请求或要求。注意ask sb.表示询问某人。
  In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. 1)in return for sth.,作为对...的回报。 2)stand on one's head,表示倒立。
  He ate the food and drank the beer. 1)本句为由and连接的并列句,而且前后结构完全一样,使得整句话颇有节奏感。 2)注意ate和drank作为不规则的过去式形式。
  Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. put ... in ...,表...放进什么地方。
  Later a neighbour told me about him. 1)later表示后来、以后。 2)tell sb. about sth./sb.,告诉某人某事或某人。
  Everybody knows him. 注意询问并给学生解释该句话为什么使用一般现在时,而不用一般过去时:因为该句话描述的有关这个beggar的一般情况。
  He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer. 1)call at,表示拜访、光顾。 2)once a month,次数+时间单位,表示每隔段时间的频率是多少。
  三、读写重点
  1、注意课文中现在完成时、一般过去时和一般现在时的结合使用,学会根据实际情况来选择使用不同的时态。
  2、注意once a month这种结构的频率的表达。
  3、注意教材第34页难点中的有关knock的短语表达,即knock at(敲打)、knock...off(碰撞;打折)、knock off(下班)、knock...over(撞倒)、knock...out(打晕)。

新概念英语第二册重点语法句型第1课
提示:

新概念英语第二册重点语法句型第1课

一、重要句型或语法
  1、简单句及其语序
  1)句子种类:侧重按句子结构分为简单句、并列句、复合句
  2)句子成分:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语、表语
  3)简单句的基本成分和语序:参考教材第14页的表格和练习
  二、课文主要语言点
  Last week I went to the theatre. 可介绍英语句子尾重的原则及其运用。注意theatre(剧院)与cinema(电影影)的区别。
  I had a very good seat. have a good seat,座位很好。可简单复习第一册里学过的have的用法。
  The play was very interesting. 对比interesting和interested,引出使役动词的用法:-ed结尾强调“某人感到...”,-ing结尾强调“令人...”。
  I did not enjoy it. 侧重讲enjoy doing的用法,提醒后面会学习动名词的用法。
  They were talking loudly. 可以结合第一册第73课,复习“形容词+ly”构成副词的构词法。文中类似的用法还有angrily何rudely。
  I got very angry. 此处可以跟学生分析此处的动词如果用was,与用got,有何差异。get是变化系动词,更能表达出作者情绪的变化过程,而be只是一个状态系动词,无法体现过程。
  I could not hear the actors. 提示actor的构词法,引出actress。也可以做拓展,引出waiter和waitress等。
  I turned round. turn round也可以用turn around。
  They did not pay any attention. pay attention to,表示注意到,to为介词,如果厚街动词,要用动名词doing的形式。
  In the end, I could not bear it. in the end相当于at last,表示“最终,最后”。bear相当于stand,表示“忍受,容忍”。
  I can't hear a word.' I said angrily. 句中的can't采用了缩写,主要是因为这是在口语中。新概念教材中的否定,基本都没有采用缩写,一来是因为缩写显得非正式,二来不缩写也可以加强语气。
  It's none of your business,' the young man said rudely. 'This is a private conversation.' none of your business表示“不关你的事”。rudely源于rude,表示“粗鲁的,不礼貌的”。a private conversation,表示“私人谈话”,private表示“私人的、隐私的”,名词为privacy。
  三、读写重点
  1、尾重(End weight):指的是英语句子里较长的成分一般都放在较短的成分之后,或是重要的成分一般放在句末。
  1)形式主语和形式宾语就是因此而产生的,如:It is very kind of you to help me a lot in my study.句中的to help me a lot in my study是真正的主语(逻辑主语),it就是形式主语,用来代替逻辑主语,避免整个句子头重脚轻。
  2)此外,一个句子的句首、句中、句末三个位置,句末最为重要,其次是句首,句中往往乏善可陈。如本课的第一句话:Last week I went to the theatre.按照尾重的原理,说明本句话强调的是我上星期去了哪儿;如果要强调我是什么时候去了剧院,则该句话应该调整为:I went to the theatre last week.所以说,时间状语其实是不能随意放在句首或者句末的。

新概念英语好词好句解析
提示:

新概念英语好词好句解析

 1.How to grow old   How to grow old(如何安度晚年)一文出自英国哲学家和数学家伯特兰·罗素的同名演讲,新概念4的课本只节选了其中的一部分,完整版演讲可参见:http://t.cn/Rjj5twB   罗素的人生经历相当精彩,他出生于英国贵族家庭,早年进入的剑桥大学三一学院,后来当选为英国皇家学会院士。罗素于1950年获得诺贝尔文学奖,以表彰其“西欧思想,*最勇敢的君子,卓越的活力,勇气,智慧与感受性,代表了诺贝尔奖的原意和精神”。除了在数学和哲学上的贡献之外,他还是一名和平主义者,在80多岁的高龄还积极参加反战与核裁军运动。How to grow old这篇演讲也是其人生信条的体现。   害怕死亡是人类的人性,而罗素认为,对于一个经历了生命中各种起起落落的人来说,害怕死亡并不是一件高尚的事情。怎样更好地面对生老病死呢?罗素给出了答案:   The best way to overcome it—so at least it seems to me – is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river – small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being.   罗素认为,克服死亡恐惧的方式是逐渐使自己的兴趣更加广泛,逐渐摆脱个人狭小的圈子,直到自我的围墙一点一点倒塌下来,让自己的生命与整个宇宙的生活融为一体。作者在这里用了一个很精彩的比喻:生命就像一条河流,最初窄小,限于两岸。青春时激情澎湃,冲过岩石,投入飞瀑。渐渐地河流变宽,河岸退远,水流转趋平静,最终融入大海,毫无痛苦地失去了自我的存在。从语言角度来分析,上面的句子没有一个大词,但读起来非常舒服,这种写作风格是非常值得我们借鉴的。   此外,这篇文章中还使用了委婉语(euphemism)的修饰方式:   And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome.   rest 在这里并不是指“休息”,而是death的委婉说法,因此the thought of rest应该理解为“有长眠的想法”。will be not unwelcome是双重否定,用来表达出肯定含义,但它的语气比will be welcome弱,可以理解为“未尝不是好事”。    2.Beauty   Beauty一文节选自英国哲学家C. E. M. Joad的书籍Pieces of Mind,C. E. M. Joad在早期信奉不可知论(agnosticism),认为第一原则的确定性或绝对真理无法达到,只有可感觉的现象才是真正意识的对象,这篇文章也体现了他的不可知论思想。   在新4中Beauty属于比较难的一篇文章,它不仅在语言上比较难懂,表达的思想也比较抽象。例如:   But, if this world is not merely a bad joke, life a vulgar flare amid the cool radiance of the stars, and existence an empty laugh braying across the mysteries; if these intimations of a something behind and beyond are not evil humor born of indigestion, or whimsies sent by the devil to mock and madden us, if, in a word, beauty means something, yet we must not seek to interpret the meaning.   这句话开始读不太好理解,因为这是一个被省略了的排比结构,还原后是 if this world is not merely a bad joke, (if) life (is not merely) a vulgar flare amid the cool radiance of the stars, and (if) existence (is not merely) an empty laugh… 这种省略现象有时候会在文学作品中出现。a something behind and beyond中something作为名词,所以前面用不定冠词,behind and beyond 在这里是指“玄妙的”。   句子的用词很有画面感,比如an empty laugh braying across the mysteries 其中bray一词专门指人“刺耳大笑”(if someone brays, they laugh or talk in a loud, slightly annoying way),life a vulgar flare amid the cool radiance of the stars则将人生比作群星寒光中平凡的一次闪烁。   句子最后部分 if, in a word, beauty means something, yet we must not seek to interpret the meaning(一句话,如果美有某种意义的话,我们千万不要去阐明它的意义),这里作者之所以这么说是因为他认为美是不可知的,用语言来阐明美的行为是徒劳无功的。如果想进一步了解作者的思想可以阅读他的图书Pieces of Mind    3.Galileo reborn   Galileo reborn(伽利略重生)是新4中思辨性比较强的一篇文章。伽利略是意大利物理学家、数学家以及天文学家,是16和17世纪科学革命的重要人物。他因为支持哥白尼的日心说以及宣扬科学理论而遭到宗教法庭的*。在人们的传统认知中,这些在当时反对伽利略的人是在反对科学和进步,应该遭到严厉谴责。但作者在此提出了不同的观点:在伽利略的那个年代观测仪器并不够精确,人们完全有理由怀疑望远镜里面看到的是幻影,而不是事实。因此,一味谴责当时的反对派并不合理。要正确评价人物需要结合历史背景。   在这篇文章中出现了不少好句子,例如:   He was, above all, a man who experimented: who despised the prejudices and book learning of the Aristotelians, who put his questions to nature instead of to the ancients, and who drew his conclusions fearlessly.   这个句子连用了四个由who引导的修饰a man的定语从句,这四个句子构成了排比结构,能够极大增强句子的语气。如果去掉这个排比结构,将句子写成:   He was, above all, a man who experimented, and he despised the prejudices and book learning of the Aristotelians. He also put his questions to nature instead of to the ancients and drew his conclusions fearlessly.   整个句子读起来明显没有原句那么有力。   又比如全文最后一句:   We can perhaps forgive those who said the moons of Jupiter were produced by Galileo’s spyglass if we recall that in his day, as for centuries before, curved glass was the popular contrivance for producing not truth but illusion, untruth; and if a single curved glass would distort nature, how much more would a pair of them?   最后一句话补全后是:…and if a single curved glass would distort nature, how much more would a pair of them (distort nature)? 这里结尾的反问让人印象深刻:既然在当时一片曲面镜就可以歪曲自然,那么伽利略的两片曲面镜对自然的歪曲又该多大呢?由此引发读者思考应该如何正确评价历史人物。同样,如果把上面的反问句改为陈述句:   …and if a single curved glass would distort nature, a pair of them would certainly do more to distort it.   句子的表达效果就会大打择扣。

2019新概念英语好词好句解析
提示:

2019新概念英语好词好句解析

  1.How to grow old
  How to grow old(如何安度晚年)一文出自英国哲学家和数学家伯特兰·罗素的同名演讲,新概念4的课本只节选了其中的一部分,完整版演讲可参见:http://t.cn/Rjj5twB
  罗素的人生经历相当精彩,他出生于英国贵族家庭,早年进入的剑桥大学三一学院,后来当选为英国皇家学会院士。罗素于1950年获得诺贝尔文学奖,以表彰其“西欧思想,言论自由最勇敢的君子,卓越的活力,勇气,智慧与感受性,代表了诺贝尔奖的原意和精神”。除了在数学和哲学上的贡献之外,他还是一名和平主义者,在80多岁的高龄还积极参加反战与核裁军运动。How to grow old这篇演讲也是其人生信条的体现。
  害怕死亡是人类的人性,而罗素认为,对于一个经历了生命中各种起起落落的人来说,害怕死亡并不是一件高尚的事情。怎样更好地面对生老病死呢?罗素给出了答案:
  The best way to overcome it—so at least it seems to me – is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river – small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being.
  罗素认为,克服死亡恐惧的方式是逐渐使自己的兴趣更加广泛,逐渐摆脱个人狭小的圈子,直到自我的围墙一点一点倒塌下来,让自己的生命与整个宇宙的生活融为一体。作者在这里用了一个很精彩的比喻:生命就像一条河流,最初窄小,限于两岸。青春时激情澎湃,冲过岩石,投入飞瀑。渐渐地河流变宽,河岸退远,水流转趋平静,最终融入大海,毫无痛苦地失去了自我的存在。从语言角度来分析,上面的句子没有一个大词,但读起来非常舒服,这种写作风格是非常值得我们借鉴的。
  此外,这篇文章中还使用了委婉语(euphemism)的修饰方式:
  And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome.
  rest 在这里并不是指“休息”,而是death的委婉说法,因此the thought of rest应该理解为“有长眠的想法”。will be not unwelcome是双重否定,用来表达出肯定含义,但它的语气比will be welcome弱,可以理解为“未尝不是好事”。








  2.Beauty
  Beauty一文节选自英国哲学家C. E. M. Joad的书籍Pieces of Mind,C. E. M. Joad在早期信奉不可知论(agnosticism),认为第一原则的确定性或绝对真理无法达到,只有可感觉的现象才是真正意识的对象,这篇文章也体现了他的不可知论思想。
  在新4中Beauty属于比较难的一篇文章,它不仅在语言上比较难懂,表达的思想也比较抽象。例如:
  But, if this world is not merely a bad joke, life a vulgar flare amid the cool radiance of the stars, and existence an empty laugh braying across the mysteries; if these intimations of a something behind and beyond are not evil humor born of indigestion, or whimsies sent by the devil to mock and madden us, if, in a word, beauty means something, yet we must not seek to interpret the meaning.
  这句话开始读不太好理解,因为这是一个被省略了的排比结构,还原后是 if this world is not merely a bad joke, (if) life (is not merely) a vulgar flare amid the cool radiance of the stars, and (if) existence (is not merely) an empty laugh… 这种省略现象有时候会在文学作品中出现。a something behind and beyond中something作为名词,所以前面用不定冠词,behind and beyond 在这里是指“玄妙的”。
  句子的用词很有画面感,比如an empty laugh braying across the mysteries 其中bray一词专门指人“刺耳大笑”(if someone brays, they laugh or talk in a loud, slightly annoying way),life a vulgar flare amid the cool radiance of the stars则将人生比作群星寒光中平凡的一次闪烁。
  句子最后部分 if, in a word, beauty means something, yet we must not seek to interpret the meaning(一句话,如果美有某种意义的话,我们千万不要去阐明它的意义),这里作者之所以这么说是因为他认为美是不可知的,用语言来阐明美的行为是徒劳无功的。如果想进一步了解作者的思想可以阅读他的图书Pieces of Mind






  3.Galileo reborn
  Galileo reborn(伽利略重生)是新4中思辨性比较强的一篇文章。伽利略是意大利物理学家、数学家以及天文学家,是16和17世纪科学革命的重要人物。他因为支持哥白尼的日心说以及宣扬科学理论而遭到宗教法庭的迫害。在人们的传统认知中,这些在当时反对伽利略的人是在反对科学和进步,应该遭到严厉谴责。但作者在此提出了不同的观点:在伽利略的那个年代观测仪器并不够精确,人们完全有理由怀疑望远镜里面看到的是幻影,而不是事实。因此,一味谴责当时的反对派并不合理。要正确评价人物需要结合历史背景。
  在这篇文章中出现了不少好句子,例如:
  He was, above all, a man who experimented: who despised the prejudices and book learning of the Aristotelians, who put his questions to nature instead of to the ancients, and who drew his conclusions fearlessly.
  这个句子连用了四个由who引导的修饰a man的定语从句,这四个句子构成了排比结构,能够极大增强句子的语气。如果去掉这个排比结构,将句子写成:
  He was, above all, a man who experimented, and he despised the prejudices and book learning of the Aristotelians. He also put his questions to nature instead of to the ancients and drew his conclusions fearlessly.
  整个句子读起来明显没有原句那么有力。
  又比如全文最后一句:
  We can perhaps forgive those who said the moons of Jupiter were produced by Galileo’s spyglass if we recall that in his day, as for centuries before, curved glass was the popular contrivance for producing not truth but illusion, untruth; and if a single curved glass would distort nature, how much more would a pair of them?
  最后一句话补全后是:…and if a single curved glass would distort nature, how much more would a pair of them (distort nature)? 这里结尾的反问让人印象深刻:既然在当时一片曲面镜就可以歪曲自然,那么伽利略的两片曲面镜对自然的歪曲又该多大呢?由此引发读者思考应该如何正确评价历史人物。同样,如果把上面的反问句改为陈述句:
  …and if a single curved glass would distort nature, a pair of them would certainly do more to distort it.
  句子的表达效果就会大打折扣。