sycophantic

急求Robert Burns的致谄媚者英文原文及翻译，蟹蟹

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急求Robert Burns的致谄媚者英文原文及翻译，蟹蟹

And would some Power give us the gift.To see ourselves as others see us!It would from many a blunder free us,And foolish notion:What airs in dress and gait would leave us,And even devotion!翻译：你尽夸结交了多少权贵，说昨夜同侯爵碰杯但跳蚤毕竟是跳蚤，即使它爬进了王后的发缝。 一英语的影响力 （1）从全世界来看，说英语的人数已经超过了任何语言的人数，10多个国家以英语为母语，45个国家的官方语言是英语，世界三分之一的人口（二十几亿）讲英语。比如在日本，除了他们的本国母语——日语之外，英语是他们的第二语言，很多高层次的日本人以会说英语为荣。 （2）全世界75％的电视节目是英语，四分之三的邮件是用英语书写，电脑键盘是英语键盘，任何一个会议敢号称是国际会议，其会议工作语言一定要用英语，也是联合国的正式工作语言。 二如何快速高效的提升记忆力 （1）比如，我们记忆一串较长的电话号码比较吃力，但是如果把电话号码分成几组，试着按组记忆，或是在记忆新信息时将其与已经记住的旧信息联系在一起，这样的话就会比死记硬背要好的多。 （2）已经有大规模的研究显示，鲑鱼和鲭鱼体内富含的omega3脂肪酸对于提高记忆力和注意力有帮助，另外定期进食低脂碳水化合物的食物，例如麦片粥或是小扁豆也有助于增强记忆力。试着去学习一门全新的语言或是演奏一种新的乐器，用新的刺激来挑战你的大脑。

屁颠屁颠英文怎么说

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屁颠屁颠英文怎么说

呵呵，楼主,大家都被你的屁颠屁颠弄迷糊了
我该出手了，
我是东北人,当然知道你在说什么
楼上的朋友,屁颠屁颠,是东北方言,就是说，一个人被某人夸奖后,得意,兴奋,再说白了，鼻涕泡都出来了!呵呵
to talk too proudly about sth you have achieved,especially when sb else has been unsuccessful
可以用crow about,或boast都可以的

以英语为母语的人怎么记单词的？

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以英语为母语的人怎么记单词的？

母语者是如何“记单词”的？我来分析下我的看法: 言语和情境高度交织对于以英语为母语的人来说，单词和情景是紧密相连的，甚至每个单词都不是孤立的。它与许多意义相关联。当一个母语是英语的人在一种情况下听到一个新单词的时候，看起来就像一幅清晰的图片缺了一块。“背景知识”“模式”“脚本”等同于这幅图。语言的本族语言越多，对背景知识和语义学的隐性知识就越多，这幅图就越“清晰”。人类的大脑有一种顽固的本能去“完成”肢解，所以当你没有意识到的时候，大脑就会根据情况来填补缺失的部分。画越清晰，准确度越高。 词根词缀的音素对母语为英语的人来说,不仅与多个图像,每个单词词根词缀音素也包含大量的意义,还可以提供很多线索对整个“图片”,比如听力,广告,pre -等等,大脑将激活相关的电路。这种对声音层次的直接理解远比词根对我们常用的书面分析和记忆词汇的理解更为深刻 自然拼读法对于不熟悉的词汇，它可以一次转化为“听力词汇”，可以应用好几次。反过来，即使没有不熟悉的词语，作为一个以英语为母语的人所能理解的话语也只能用几个词来恢复整个“画面”，就像我和一些人突然打开一个大的区域一样。 美国人上大学的时候还需要学习新词。总之，用音标记单词可以起到事半功倍的效果。

以英语为母语的人怎么记单词的

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以英语为母语的人怎么记单词的

母语，从来都不是一个现成的灵丹妙药，当你年轻的时候，语文课是为了支持这个词。外国人主要是英语单词和句子接触机会到处都是英语，外国人有意识地背诵，把你的房子在墙上的房间都标有英文单词的句子，而且也是一种方式。 你可能有话要说 很多人母语的构成，可能是少数民族悲惨的历史，是革命史上屈指可数的一段光荣历史。我也听过很多文字课，自己的记忆力，玩得不亦乐乎，我不能说为什么我不能说，因为“语言意识”。 所以我一直对我记忆单词的方式表示怀疑：我可以忘记它，记住它，不理解它，我不能使用它。 最重要的是阅读 依靠强大的背景知识和技能来帮助理解文章。 例如，美国农民的词汇只有1000，和美国高中生的词汇量1W。事实上，对英语的母语词汇的一般理解是一个问题，这将在后面详细介绍。但一个合格的美国高中学生词汇至少5W，如果是知识分子家庭，会有7-8w。 每个人都应该同意的词汇不是“背”出来的，对吗？对于中学生来说，这些习语至少是“听力词汇”。 提出了“背景知识”、“图式”和“脚本”三个词 它们都是语言学家提出的理论框架。我们可以用这三个词来解释说本族语的人的话。背景知识“人人都好”，“图式”和“脚本”的概念非常尴尬，许多读者写和运行，不要写那些无聊的定义。我会把它们变成一个大家都能理解的语句。

07年“高级英语”课文逐句翻译（11）

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07年“高级英语”课文逐句翻译（11）

我为什么写作

　　Lesson 12： Why I Write

　　从很小的时候，大概五、六岁，我知道长大以后将成为一个作家。

　　From a very early age， perhaps the age of five or six， I knew that when I grew up I should be a writer.

　　从15到24岁的这段时间里，我试图打消这个念头，可总觉得这样做是在戕害我的天性，认为我迟早会坐下来伏案著书。

　　Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to adandon this idea， but I did so with the consciousness that I was outraging my true nature and that sooner or later I should have to settle down and write books.

　　三个孩子中，我是老二。老大和老三与我相隔五岁。8岁以前，我很少见到我爸爸。由于这个以及其他一些缘故，我的性格有些孤僻。我的举止言谈逐渐变得很不讨人喜欢，这使我在上学期间几乎没有什么朋友。

　　I was the middle child of three， but there was a gap of five years on either side， and I barely saw my father before I was eight- For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely， and I soon developed disagreeable mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my schooldays.

　　我像一般孤僻的孩子一样，喜欢凭空编造各种故事，和想像的人谈话。我觉得，从一开始，我的文学志向就与一种孤独寂寞、被人冷落的感觉联系在一起。我知道我有驾驭语言的才能和直面令人不快的现实的能力。这一切似乎造就了一个私人的天地，在此天地中我能挽回我在日常生活中的不得意。

　　I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and holding conversations with imaginary persons， and I think from the very start my literary ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued.

　　我知道我有驾驭语言的才能和直面令人不快的现实的能力。这一切似乎造就了一个私人的天地，在此天地中我能挽回我在日常生活中的不得意。

　　I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing unpleasant facts， and I felt that this created a sort of private world in which I could get my own back for my failure

　　还是一个小孩子的时候，我就总爱把自己想像成惊险传奇中的主人公，例如罗宾汉。但不久，我的故事不再是粗糙简单的自我欣赏了。它开始趋向描写我的行动和我所见所闻的人和事。

　　。 . As a very small child I used to imagine that I was， say， Robin Hood， and picture myself as the hero of thrilling adventures， but quite soon my “story” ceased to be narcissistic in a crude way and became more and more a mere description of what I was doing and the things I saw.

　　一连几分钟，我脑子里常会有类似这样的描述：“他推开门，走进屋，一缕黄昏的阳光，透过薄纱窗帘，斜照在桌上。桌上有一个火柴盒，半开着，在墨水瓶旁边，他右手插在兜里，朝窗户走去。街心处一只龟甲猫正在追逐着一片败叶。”等等，等等。

　　For minutes at a time this kind of thing would be running through my head： “He pushed the door open and entered the room. A yellow beam of sunlight， filtering through the muslin curtains， slanted on to the table， where a matchbox， half open， lay beside the inkpot. With his right hand in his pocket he moved across to the window. Down in the street a tortoiseshell cat was chasing a dead leaf，” etc.， etc.

　　我在差不多25岁真正从事文学创作之前，一直保持着这种描述习惯。虽然我必须搜寻，而且也的确在寻觅恰如其分的字眼。可这种描述似乎是不由自主的，是迫于一种外界的压力。

　　This habit continued till I was about twenty-five， right through my non-literary years. Although I had to search， and did search， for the right words， I seemed to be making this descriptive effort almost against my will， under a kind of compulsion from outside.

　　我在不同时期崇仰风格各异的作家。我想，从这些“故事”一定能看出这些作家的文笔风格的痕迹。但是我记得，这些描述又总是一样地细致入微，纤毫毕现。

　　The “story” must， I suppose， have reflected the styles of the various writers I admired at different ages， but so far as I remember it always had the same meticulous descriptive quality.

　　16岁那年，我突然发现词语本身即词的音响和词的连缀就能给人以愉悦。《失乐园》中有这样一段诗行：

　　他负载着困难和辛劳

　　挺进着：负着困难辛劳的他——

　　When I was about sixteen I suddenly discovered the joy of mere words， i， e. the sounds and associations of words. The lines from Paradise Lost —

　　“So hee with difficulty and labour hard

　　Moved on： with difficulty and labour hee，“

　　现在看来这并没有什么了不得，可当时却使我心灵震颤。而用hee的拼写代替he，更增加了愉悦。

　　which do not now seem to me so very wonderful， sent shivers down my backbone； and the spelling “hee” for “he” was an added pleasure.

　　至于写景物的必要，我那时已深有领悟。如果说当时我有志著书的话，我会写什么样的书是显而易见的。

　　As for the need to describe things， I knew all about it already. So it is clear what kind of books I wanted to write， in so far as I could be said to want to write books at that time.

　　我想写大部头的自然主义小说，以悲剧结局，充满细致的描写和惊人的比喻，而且不乏文才斐然的段落，字词的使用部分要求其音响效果。

　　I wanted to write enormous naturalistic novels with unhappy endings， full of detailed descriptions and arresting similes， and also full of purple passages in which words were used partly for the sake of their sound.

　　事实上，我的第一部小说，《缅甸岁月》就属于这一类书，那是我早已构思但30岁时才写成的作品。

　　And in fact my first completed novel， Burmese Days， which I wrote when I was thirty but projected much earlier， is rather that kind of book.

　　我介绍这些背景情况是因为我认为要判定一个作家的写作动机，就得对其早年的经历有所了解。

　　I give all this background information because I do not think one can assess a writer's motives without knowing something of his early development.

　　作家的题材总是由他所处的时代决定的，至少在我们这个动荡不安的时代是如此。但他在提笔著文之前，总会养成一种在后来的创作中永远不能彻底磨灭的情感倾向

　　His subject matter will be determined by the age he lives in —at least this is true in tumultuous， revolutionary ages like our own—but before he ever begins to write he will have acquired an emotional attitude from which he will never completely escape.

　　毫无疑问，作家有责任控制自己的禀性，使之不至于沉溺于那种幼稚的阶段，或陷于违反常理的心境中。但如果他从早年的熏染和志趣中脱胎换骨，他就会虐杀自己的写作热情。

　　It is his job， no doubt， to discipline his temperament and avoid getting stuck at some immature stage， or in some perverse mood： but if he escapes from his early influences altogether， he will have killed his impulse to write.

　　除去以写作为谋生之计不谈，我认为写作有四种动机，至少小说和散文写作是如此。

　　Putting aside the need to earn a living， I think there are four great motives for writing， at any rate for writing prose.

　　这四种动机或多或少地存在于每个作家身上，在某一个作家身上，它们会因时代的不同和生活环境的不同而变化。它们是：

　　They exist in different degrees in every writer， and in any one writer the proportions will vary from time to time， according to the atmosphere in which he is living. They are：

　　一、纯粹的自我主义。想显示自己的聪明；想成为人们的议论中心；想身后留名；想报复那些小时候压制、指责过自己的成年人等等。不承认这是动机，是一种强烈的动机，完全是自欺欺人。

　　（1） Sheer egoism. Desire to seem clever， to be talked about， to be remembered after death， to get your own back on grown-ups who snubbed you in childhood， etc. ， etc. It is humbug to pretend that this is not a motive， and a strong one. . .

　　二、对美的狂热。能感觉身外世界的美，或者词语及其妙语连珠的美。对一个读音作用于另一个读音的音响效果，对充实缜密的行文或一篇小说的结构，感到乐趣无穷，赏心悦目。有心与人们分享一种认为有价值、不应忽略的经历。

　　（2） Aesthetic enthusiasm. Perception of beauty in the external world， or， on the other hand， in words and their right arrangement. Pleasure in the impact of one sound on another， in the firmness of good prose or the rhythm of a good story. Desire to share an experience which one feels is valuable and ought not to be missed…

　　三、历史感。有志按事物的原貌来观察理解事物；有心寻找确凿的事实，收集储存以飨后人。

　　（3） Historical impulse. Desire to see things， as they are， to find out true facts and store them up for the use of posterity.

　　四、政治上的目的。这里指的是最广泛意义的政治：有志推动世界向某个方向前进；改造人们的观念，劝勉人们追求某种理想社会。就像美感因素一样，没有一本书能真正消除政治倾向。那种认为艺术与政治不相干的论点本身就是一种政治态度。

　　（4） Political purpose —using the word “political” in the widest possible sense. Desire to push the world in a certain direction， to ater other people's idea of the kind of society that they should strive after. Once again， no book is genuinely free from political bias. The opinion that art should have nothing to do with politics is itself a political attitude.

　　可以看出，这些不同的动机会互相抵触，会因人因时发生变化。

　　It can be seen how these various impulses must war against one another， and how they must fluctuate from person to person and from time to time.

　　由于我的天性——“天性”这里指刚成年时的状态，在我身上前三种动机远远超过第四种。

　　By nature —taking your “nature” to be the state you have attained when you are first adult—I am a person in whom the first three motives would outweigh the fourth.

　　在和平年代，我或许会写些词藻华美或专写事物写景的书，几乎意识不到我政治上的取舍。

　　In a peaceful age！ might have written ornate or merely descriptive books， and might have remained almost unaware of my political loyalties.

　　可结果我却不得不成了一个写小册子的作家。

　　As it is I have been forced into becoming a sort of pamphleteer.

　　最初，我在一个很不合适的职业中度过了5年，那是在缅甸的印度帝国警察署。随后，我经历了贫困，体会到穷困窘迫是何滋味。这使我对权势的本能的嫉妒变得更强烈，我开始意识到劳动阶级的存在，缅甸的职业使我对帝国主义的本质有所了解，但这一切并不足以赋予我明确的政治倾向。

　　First I spent five years in an unsuitable profession （the Indian Imperial Police， in Burma）， and then I underwent poverty and the sense of failure. This increased my natural hatred of authority and made me for the firs t time fully aware of the existence of the working classes， and the job in Burma had given me some understanding of the nature of imperialism； but these experiences were not enough to give me an accurate political orientation.

　　接着*出现了，西班牙战争爆发了，各种事件频频发生。

　　Then came Hitler， the Spanish Civil War， etc.

　　到1935年底，我仍没有能决定何去何从。西班牙内战以及1936至1937年之间的其他事件扭转了这种状况，从此我认准了我的立场。

　　By the end of 1935 I had still failed to reach a firm decision. The Spanish war and other events in 1936 - 1937 turned the scale and thereafter I know where I stood.

　　1936年以来，我的严肃作品中的每一行都是为间接或直接地反对极权主义，拥护我所理解的民主社会主义而写的。

　　Every line of serious work that I have written since 1936 has been written， directly or indirectly， against totalitarianism and for democratic socialism， as I understand it.

　　认为在我们这样的年代，作家可以回避这种题材，在我看来是无稽之谈。

　　It seems to me nonsense， in a period like our own， to think that one can avoid writing of such subjects.

　　每个人都以这样那样的方式写这个题材。

　　Everyone writes of them in one guise or another.

　　这其实就是站在哪一边，取什么态度的问题。

　　It is simply a question of which side one takes and what approach one follows.

　　一个人越是意识到自己的政治态度，他越是有可能按政治行事而又不牺牲自己在美感和心智方面的追求。

　　And the more one is conscious of one's political bias， the more chance one has of acting politically without sacrificing one's aesthetic and intellectual integrity.

　　在过去的十年中，我的愿望是把政治色彩的写作变成艺术创造。

　　What I have most wanted to do throughout the past ten years is to make political writing into an art.

　　我的出发点总是一种党派意识，一种对非正义的敏感。

　　My starting point is always a feeling of partisanship， a sense of injustice.

　　我坐下来写书时，不会自语道：“现在我要创造一个艺术作品了。”

　　When I sit down to write a book I do not say to myself， “I am going to produce a work of art. ”

　　写作是为了揭发某种谎言，为了让人们重视某些事实。我的初衷总是向读者披露心声，赢得听众。

　　I write it because there is some lie that I want to expose， some fact to which I want to draw attention， and my initial concern is to get a hearing.

　　然而，写作必须同时又是一种美感经验。否则，我就无法完成著书的工作，甚至连一篇长篇的报刊文章都写不成。

　　But I could not do the work of writing a book， or even a long magazine article， if it were not also an aesthetic experience.

　　任何一位有心细读我的作品的读者都会发现，即使作品是直截了当的宣传鼓励，也包含着许多职业政客视为节外生枝的点缀。

　　Anyone who cares to examine my work will see that even when it is downright propaganda it contains much that a full-time politician would consider irrelevant.

　　我不能，也不愿意完全放弃我在童年时养成的世界观。

　　I am not able， and I do not want， completely to abandon the world-view that I acquired in childhood.

　　只要我还活着，我仍会继续讲究文笔风格，热爱大地的山川胜景，对琐细的物品和无用的传闻感到欣悦。

　　So long as I remain alive and well I shall continue to feel strongly about prose style， to love the surface of the earth， and to take a pleasure in solid objects and scraps of useless information.

　　要抑制我这方面的本能是无济于事的。我的任务是把个人根深蒂固的好恶与时代强加于我们大家的政治活动协调起来。

　　It is no use trying to suppress that side of myself. The job is to reconcile my ingrained likes and dislikes with the essentially public， non-individual activities that this age forces on all of us.

　　这并不容易。这会产生构思及语言的问题。而真实性也以新的方式出现了疑问。

　　It is not easy. It raises problems of construction and of language， and it raises in a new way the problem of truthfulness. . .

　　这个问题以各种各样的形态出现。

　　In one form or another this problem comes up again.

　　语言则是个更微妙的问题，得花费很大的工夫讨论。

　　The problem of language is subtler and would take too long to discuss.

　　这里我只能说，近几年来，我竭力减少生动形象的描写，尽量写得更谨严简练。

　　I will only say that of late years I have tried to write less picturesquely and more exactly.

　　我发现一位作家一旦使某种文笔风格臻于完善，他也就已经超越了这种风格。

　　In any case I find that by the time you have perfected any style of writing， you have always outgrown it.

　　《动物庄园》一书便是我在有意识有计划地把政治目的和艺术追求结合为一体的尝试。

　　Animal Farm was the first book in which I tried， with full consciousness of what I was doing， to fuse political purpose and artistic purpose into one whole.

　　我已经7年没写小说了，但我希望不久能写一部。

　　I have not written a novel for seven years， but I hope to write another fairly soon.

　　这部小说注定会成败笔，每次完成的作品都觉得处处是败笔，但我清楚地知道我要写什么样的书。

　　It is bound to be a failure， every book is a failure， but I do know with some clarity what kind of book I want to write.

　　写作是一场可怕的劳心伤神的斗争，犹如一场恶病长时间发作。

　　…Writing a book is a horrible， exhausting struggle， like a long bout of some painful illness.

　　要不是被一种既不可抗拒又不可理喻的鬼怪驱使，没人愿意从事写作。

　　One would never undertake such a thing if one were not driven on by some demon whom one can neither resist nor understand.

　　这种魔怪不外乎是婴儿嚎啕以引起人注意的本能。

　　For all one knows that demon is simply the same instinct that makes a baby squall for attention.

　　但话又说回来，作家若不能努力隐去自己的个性，他便写不出什么值得一读的东西。

　　And yet it is also true that one can write nothing readable unless one constantly struggles to efface one's own personality.

　　好文章是一块透亮的窗玻璃。

　　Good prose is like a window pane.

　　我不能肯定地说我的哪一种动机，但我知道哪一个目标我必须遵循。

　　I cannot say with certainty which of my motives are the strongest， but I know which of them deserve to be followed.

　　回顾我的创作，我发现，什么时候缺乏政治目的，什么时候我就会写出毫无生气的书，就会坠入华而不实的篇章，写出毫无意义的句子，卖弄矫饰的形容词和堆砌一大堆空话废话。

　　And looking back through my work， I see that it is invariably where I lacked a political purpose that I wrote lifeless books and was betrayed into purple passages， sentences without meaninmeaning， decorative adjectives and humbug generally.

07年“高级英语”课文逐句翻译（7）

提示：

07年“高级英语”课文逐句翻译（7）

lesson8-10

　　人生的一课

　　快一年了，大部分时间我都泡在家里、店铺、学校和教堂里，就像一块旧饼干，又脏又难以下咽。

　　For nearly a year， I sopped around the house， the Store， the school and the church， like an old biscuit， dirty and inedible.

　　这时我遇到或者说认识了抛给我第一根救生索的那位夫人。

　　Then I met， or rather got to know， the lady who threw me first lifeline.

　　波萨？弗劳尔斯夫人是斯坦普司黑人区中的出类拔萃的人物。

　　Mrs. Bertha Flowers was the aristocrat of Black Stamps.

　　她动作优雅，即使在最冷的天气里也不缩手缩脚，而在阿肯色州的夏日里，她似乎又有属于自己的微风环绕在她的身旁，给她带来凉爽。

　　She had the grace of control to appear warm in the coldest weather， and one the Arkansas summer days it seemed she had a private breeze which swirled around， cooling her.

　　她的皮肤深黑迷人，如果被挂住就会像李子皮一样剥落，但没有人敢离她近点，碰皱她的衣服，更不要说挂住她的皮肤了。

　　Her skin was a rich black that would have peeled like a plum if snagged， but then no one would have thought of getting close enough to Mrs. Flowers to ruffle her dress， let alone snag her skin.

　　她不太喜欢亲近，另外她还带着手套。

　　She didn't encourage familiarity. She wore gloves too.

　　她是我所知道的为数不多的有气质的女士之一，并且是我做人的楷模，影响了我一生。

　　She was one of the few gentlewomen I have ever known， and has remained throughout my life the measure of what a human being can be.

　　我被她深深地吸引，因为她像是我从没有亲身遇到过的那些人。

　　She appealed to me because she was like people I had never met personally.

　　她就像英国小说中的女人，走在沼泽地里（不管是什么地方），一群忠实的狗奔跑在她们的身旁，并与她们保持一定的距离以示尊敬。

　　Like women in English novels who walked the moors （whatever they were） with their loyal dogs racing at a respectful distance.

　　她就像坐在炉火熊熊的壁炉前的女人，不时从装满蛋糕和松脆饼的银盘中取东西喝。

　　Like the women who sat in front of roaring fireplaces， drinking tea incessantly from silver trays full of scones and crumpets.

　　她就像走在“石南丛生的荒野”中，读着用摩洛哥山羊皮装订的书的那些女人，而且有用连字符隔开的两个姓。

　　Women who walked over the “heath” and read morocco-bound books and had two last names divided by a hyphen.

　　可以肯定地说，是她本人使我为自己是个黑人而感到骄傲。

　　It would be safe to say that she made me proud to be Negro， just by being herself.

　　那个在我的记忆中如甜奶般鲜活的夏日的午后，她来我们的店里买东西。

　　One summer afternoon， sweet-milk fresh in my memory， she stopped at the Store to buy provisions.

　　换了另外一个同她身体情况和年龄相当的黑人妇女就会一只手把纸袋拎回家去，但奶奶却说，“弗劳尔斯大姐，让贝利帮你把东西送回家去。”

　　Another Negro woman of her health and age would have been expected to carry the paper sacks home in one hand， but Momma said， “Sister Flowers， I'll send Bai-ley up to your house with these things.”

　　“谢谢您，汉德森夫人。但我想让玛格丽特帮我送回去。”

　　“Thank you， Mrs. Henderson. I'd prefer Marguerite， though.”

　　她说我名字时，我的名字也变得动听起来。

　　My name was beautiful when she said it.

　　“反正我一直想跟她谈一谈。”她们互相对视了一下，其间的意思只有她们这些同龄人才明白。

　　“I've been mean-ins to talk to her， anyway.” They gave each other agegroup looks.

　　在石头路旁有一条小路，弗劳尔斯夫人在前面摆动着胳膊，在碎石路上小心地走着。

　　There was a little path beside the rocky road， and Mrs. Flowers walked in front swinging her arms and picking her way over the stones.

　　她没有回头，对我说，“听说你在学校里功课很好，玛格丽特，但那都是笔头作业。老师说他们很难让你在课堂上发言。”

　　She said， without turning her head， to me， “I hear you're doing very good school work， Marguerite， but that it's all written. The teachers report that they have trouble getting you to talk in class.

　　我们走过左边三角形的农场，路变宽了，可以允许我们并排走在一起。但我畏缩地走在后面，想着那些没有问出口也无法回答的问题。

　　We passed the triangular farm on our left and the path widened to allow us to walk together. I hung back in the separate unasked and unanswerable questions.

　　“过来和我一起走，玛格丽特。”我无法拒绝，尽管我很想。

　　“Come and walk along with me， Marguerite.” I couldn't have refused even if I wanted to.

　　她把我的名字叫得如此动听。或者更确切地说，她把每个词都说得这样清晰，我相信就是一个不懂英语的外国人也能听懂她的话。

　　She pronounced my name so nicely. Or more correctly， she spoke each word with such clarity that I was certain a foreigner who didn't understand English could have understood her.

　　“现在没有人要强迫你说话——恐怕也没人能做到这一点。但是你记住，语言是人类进行沟通的方式，是语言将人类同低等动物区分开来。”

　　“Now no one is going to make you talk —possibly no one can. But bear in mind， language is man's way of communicating with his fellow man and it is language alone which separates him from the lower animals.”

　　这对我来说是一个全新的观点，我需要些时间认真考虑一下。

　　That was a totally new idea to me， and I would need time to think about it.

　　“你奶奶说你读了很多书，一有机会就读。这很好，但还不够好，言语的含义不仅是写在纸上的那点。它需要人的声音赋予它深层含义的细微差别。”

　　“Your grandmother says you read a lot. Every chance you get. That's good， but not good enough. Words mean more than what is set down on paper. It takes the human voice to infuse them with the shades of deeper meaning. ”

　　我记住了有关声音赋予言语更多内涵的话。这些话听起来是那么正确，那么富有诗意。

　　I memorized the part about the human voice infusing words. It seemed so valid and poetic.

　　她说她要给我一些书，要我不仅阅读这些书，还要大声朗读。

　　She said she was going to give me some books and that I not only must read them， I must read them aloud.

　　她建议我用尽可能丰富的语调去读每一句话。

　　She suggested that i try to make a sentence sound in as many different ways as possible.

　　“如果你草草读完这些书就还给我的话，我不接受任何理由。”

　　“I'll accept no excuse if you return a book to me that has been badly handled.”

　　我想像不出如果我真的没有认真读弗劳尔斯夫人的某一本书，将会受到怎样的惩罚。让我去死恐怕是太仁慈太干脆了。

　　My imagination boggled at the punishment I would deserve if in fact I did abuse a book of Mrs. Flowers'. Death would be too kind and brief.

　　房子里的气味让我有点吃惊。

　　The odors in the house surprised me.

　　不知什么缘故，我从来没有将弗劳尔斯夫人与食物、吃饭或是平常人的琐事联系起来。

　　Somehow I had never connected Mrs. Flowers with food or eating or any other common experience of common people.

　　那里一定也有户外厕所，但我一点也记不起来了。

　　There must have been an outhouse， too， but my mind never recorded it.

　　她打开门，香草的芬芳迎面扑来。

　　The sweet scent of vanilla had met us as she opened the door.

　　“今天早上我做了些茶点。你瞧，我早打算好要请你来吃点心、柠檬水，这样我们就可以聊一会了。柠檬水正放在冰盒子里呢。”

　　“I made tea cookies this morning. You see， I had planned to invite you for cookies and lemonade so we could have this little chat. The lemonade is in the icebox.”

　　这意味着弗劳尔斯夫人平时也买冰，而镇上大多数人家只是在星期六下午才买冰，放在木头做的冰淇凌冷藏机内，整个夏天也不过只买几次。

　　It followed that Mrs. Flowers would have ice on an ordinary day， when most families in our town bought ice late on Saturdays only a few times during the summer to be used in the wooden ice-cream freezers.

　　“坐吧，玛格丽特，坐到那边桌子旁。”

　　“Have a seat， Marguerite. Over there by the table.”

　　她端着一个用茶布盖着的盘。

　　She carried a platter covered with a tea towel.

　　尽管她事先说过她已经好久没有做点心了，我还是相信就像她的其他任何东西一样，点心也会十分精美可口。

　　Although she warned that she hadn't tried her hand at baking sweets for some time， I was certain that like everything else about her the cookies would be perfect.

　　我吃点心的时候，她开始给我讲我们后来称之为“我生活中的一课”的第一部分。

　　As I ate she began the first of what we later called “my lesson in living.”

　　她告诉我不能宽容无知，但可以理解文盲。

　　She said that must always be intolerant of ignorance but understanding of illiteracy.

　　她认为有些人虽然没有上过学，但却比大学教授更有知识，甚至更聪明。

　　That some people， unable to go to school， were more educated and even more intelligent than college professors.

　　她还鼓励我认真倾听被乡下人称为常识的一些俗语。她说这些朴实谚语是一代代人集体智慧的结晶。

　　She encouraged me to listen carefully to what country people called mother wit. That in those homely sayings was couched the collective wisdom of generations

　　我吃完点心后，她把桌子打扫干净，从书架上拿了一本又厚又小的书。

　　When I finished the cookies she brushed off the table and brought a thick， small book from the bookcase.

　　我读过《双城记》，认为这本书符合我心目中浪漫主义小说的标准。

　　I had read A Tale of Two Cities and found it up to my standards as a romantic novel.

　　她翻开第一页，于是我平生第一次听到了诗朗诵。

　　She opened the first page and I heard poetry for the first time in my life.

　　“这是最辉煌的时代也是最糟糕的时代……”她的声音圆润，随着言语的起伏而抑扬顿挫，就像在唱歌一样。

　　“It was the best of times and the worst of times. . .” Her voice slid in and curved down through and over the words. She was nearly singing.

　　我想看一下她读的是否真的和我过去看的一样？

　　I wanted to look at the pages. Were they the same that I had read？

　　还是像赞美诗一样，书页上满是音符？

　　Or were there notes， music， lined on the pages， as in a hymn book？

　　她的声音开始慢慢低沉下来。

　　Her sounds began cascading gently.

　　我听过很多次布道，因此我知道她的朗诵就要结束了，但我还没有真正听见或听懂一个词。

　　I knew from listening to a thousand preachers that she was nearing the end of her reading， and I hadn't really heard， heard to understand， a single word.

　　“你觉得怎么样？”

　　“How do you like that？”

　　我这才意识到她在期待我的回答。

　　It occurred to me that she expected a response.

　　我的舌间还留有香草的余味，她的朗诵对我来说很奇妙。

　　The sweet vanilla flavor was still on my tongue and her reading was a wonder in my ears.

　　我得说点什么了。

　　I had to speak.

　　我说：“是的，夫人。”我至少得说这些，我也只能说这些。

　　I said， “Yea， ma'am.” It was the least I could do， but it was the most also.

　　“还有一件事。你把这本诗集拿去，背下其中的一首。下次你再来看我时，我希望你背诵给我听。”

　　'There s one more thing. Take this book of poems and memorize one for me. Next time you pay me a visit， I want you to recite.“

　　在经历了成年后的复杂生活后，我多次试图弄清楚为什么当年她送给我的礼物一下子就让我陶醉了。

　　I have tried often to search behind the sophistication of years for the enchantment I so easily found in those gifts.

　　书中的内容已经忘却，但余韵仍存。

　　The essence escapes but its aura remains.

　　被准许，不，是被邀请进入一群陌生人的私人生活中，与他们共同分享喜悦和恐惧，这使我读贝奥武夫时就犹如喝一杯蜜酒，读奥立佛？特威斯特时，犹如饮一杯热奶茶，忘记了那犹如南方苦艾酒般的痛苦经历。

　　To be allowed， no， invited， into the private lives of strangers， and to share their joys and fears， was a chance to exchange the Southern bitter wormwood for a cup of mead with Be-owulf or a hot cup of tea and milk with Oliver Twist.

　　当我大声地说“这比我做过的任何一件事都好得多”时，我眼中涌出了爱的泪水，那是为了自己的忘我

　　When I said aloud， “It is a far， far better thing that I do， than I have ever done…” tears of love filled my eyes at my selflessness.

　　在我第一次去她家回来，我跑下山去冲到马路上（路上很少有车经过），快到店铺时我还居然没忘了停下来。

　　On that first day， I ran down the hill and into the road （few cars ever came along it） and had the good sense to stop running before I reached the Store.

　　有人喜欢我，这是多么的不同啊。

　　was liked， and what a difference it made.

　　有人尊敬我，并不是因为我是汉德森夫人的外孙女或是贝利的妹妹，而是因为我是玛格丽特？约翰逊。

　　I was respected not as Mrs. Henderson's grandchild or Bailey's sister but for just being Marguerite Johnson.

　　孩提时的逻辑永远不需要证实（所有的结论都是绝对的）。

　　Childhood's logic never asks to be proved （all conclusions are absolute）。

　　我从来没有想过为什么弗劳尔斯夫人会选中我来表示关怀，也从来没想过也许是奶奶曾请求她开导我一下。

　　1 didn't question why Mrs. Flowers had singled me out for attention， nor did it occur to me that Momma might have asked her to give me a little talking to.

　　我只关心她曾给我做点心吃，还给我读她最喜欢的书。这些足以证明她喜欢我

　　All I cared about was that she had made tea cookies for me and read to me from her favorite book. It was enough to prove that she liked me.

　　奶奶和贝利在店铺里等我。

　　Momma and Bailey were waiting inside the Store.

　　他问：“她给了你什么？”他已经看到那些书了，但我把装着他那份点心的纸袋放在怀里，用诗集挡住。

　　He said. “My， what did she give you？” He had seen the books， but I held the paper sack with his cookies in my arms shielded by the poems.

　　奶奶说：“小姐，我知道你的举止像位女士。

　　Momma said， “Sister， I know you acted like a little lady. That do my heart good to see settled people take to you all.

　　我已经尽努力了，上帝知道，但这些天……“她的声音低下来，”快去把衣服换了。

　　I'm trying my best， the Lord knows， but these days…“ Her voice trailed off. ”Go on in and change your dress.